Grain boundaries provide fast diffusion pathways for atoms and ions due to their disordered structure and high density of defects. Enhanced diffusion along grain boundaries can lead to accelerated ...

These materials exhibit unique properties and behaviors that differ significantly from their bulk counterparts due to the high volume fraction of grain boundaries and interfaces ... with high surface ...

First Passage Time: The time it takes for a diffusing particle to first reach a specific target or boundary. Diffusion: The process by which particles spread from areas of high concentration to ...