These include effects on arterial smooth muscle cells that cause intense peripheral vasoconstriction and stimulation of cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. The latter promotes phenotypic changes in ...

Maximal vasodilation can increase cutaneous blood flow to 3000 ml/minute (average flow is 300-500 ml/minute). 2. Vasoconstriction - decreases blood flow to periphery, decreases heat loss. Maximal ...

The heart is a highly sex-biased organ, as sex shapes innumerable aspects of heart health and disease. Sex chromosomes and sex hormones —testosterone, progesterone, and estrogen— establish and ...

WASHINGTON — Farmers across the United States are finding themselves in precarious economic positions, as they attempt to navigate a strained farm economy and a barrage of executive orders from ...

3,5,3'-triiodothyronine deficiency is associated with peripheral vasoconstriction. In severe hypothyroidism, free-water clearance is reduced, leading to dilution hyponatremia. Renin is reduced in ...

Different terms are regularly used in theories of sexuality and gender, for example sex, gender, gender identity, gender expressions, gender roles, sexual orientation. It is important to be clear ...