Basalt (UK: / ˈbæsɒlt, - ɔːlt, - əlt /; [1][2] US: / bəˈsɔːlt, ˈbeɪsɔːlt /) [3] is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low- viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt.

Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava flow, but can also form in small intrusive bodies, such as an igneous dike or a thin sill.

2023年4月23日 · Basalt is a type of volcanic rock that is formed from the solidification of molten lava. It is an igneous rock, meaning it is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

Basalt, extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock that is low in silica content, dark in color, and comparatively rich in iron and magnesium. Basalts may be broadly classified on a chemical and petrographic basis into two main groups: the tholeiitic and the alkali basalts.

Basalt is one of the most common and widespread igneous rocks on Earth, making up much of the oceanic crust and significant portions of continental crust. This dark-colored volcanic rock forms from the rapid cooling of lava at or near the Earth's …

Basalt is defined as a fine-grained, dark-colored igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals, with or without olivine. It is formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of the Earth (extrusive or volcanic rock).

2023年8月17日 · Basalt is a common and widely used, fine-grained, dark-colored mafic volcanic rock. It has mainly calcic plagioclase feldspar and augite.

Basalt is a dark-colored, dense rock composed primarily of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. It is the most common rock type found in oceanic crust and is an important component of the Earth’s continental crust.

2019年2月2日 · Basalt is the dark, heavy volcanic rock that makes up most of the world's oceanic crust. Some of it erupts on land, too, but to a first approximation, basalt is an oceanic rock. …

2024年4月10日 · Basalt is a mafic or dark-colored, volcanic or extrusive igneous rock. Mafic refers to rocks high in dark-colored minerals rich in iron and magnesium. These rocks are relatively …